Enhances type safety by adding explicit type conversions, resolves implicit conversion warnings

 - Added __attribute__((format(printf, ...)) to func_debug_warning() to enable compile-time format string checking.
 - Added explicit type casts (static_cast<uint32_t>, static_cast<size_t>, etc.) to resolve implicit conversions.
 - Ensured proper type usage in loop variables and arithmetic calculations.

Signed-off-by: Yuvaraj Venkatesh <yuvaraj.venkatesh@arm.com>
Change-Id: I6c99c148c4332ba02b855fe46e1c3e4cbeddfea9