compiler_types: Provide __no_kstack_erase to disable coverage only on Clang

In order to support Clang's stack depth tracking (for Linux's kstack_erase
feature), the coverage sanitizer needed to be disabled for __init (and
__head) section code. Doing this universally (i.e. for GCC too) created
a number of unexpected problems, ranging from changes to inlining logic
to failures to DCE code on earlier GCC versions.

Since this change is only needed for Clang, specialize it so that GCC
doesn't see the change as it isn't needed there (the GCC implementation
of kstack_erase uses a GCC plugin that removes stack depth tracking
instrumentation from __init sections during a late pass in the IR).

Successfully build and boot tested with GCC 12 and Clang 22.

Fixes: 381a38ea ("init.h: Disable sanitizer coverage for __init and __head")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202507270258.neWuiXLd-lkp@intel.com/


Reported-by:  <syzbot+5245cb609175fb6e8122@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/6888d004.a00a0220.26d0e1.0004.GAE@google.com/


Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250729234055.it.233-kees@kernel.org


Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>