mm: Fix race between __split_huge_pmd_locked() and GUP-fast

__split_huge_pmd_locked() can be called for a present THP, devmap or
(non-present) migration entry. It calls pmdp_invalidate()
unconditionally on the pmdp and only determines if it is present or not
based on the returned old pmd. This is a problem for the migration entry
case because pmd_mkinvalid(), called by pmdp_invalidate() must only be
called for a present pmd.

On arm64 at least, pmd_mkinvalid() will mark the pmd such that any
future call to pmd_present() will return true. And therefore any
lockless pgtable walker could see the migration entry pmd in this state
and start interpretting the fields as if it were present, leading to
BadThings (TM). GUP-fast appears to be one such lockless pgtable walker.

x86 does not suffer the above problem, but instead pmd_mkinvalid() will
corrupt the offset field of the swap entry within the swap pte. See link
below for discussion of that problem.

Fix all of this by only calling pmdp_invalidate() for a present pmd. And
for good measure let's add a warning to all implementations of
pmdp_invalidate[_ad](). I've manually reviewed all other
pmdp_invalidate[_ad]() call sites and believe all others to be
conformant.

This is a theoretical bug found during code review. I don't have any
test case to trigger it in practice.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/0dd7827a-6334-439a-8fd0-43c98e6af22b@arm.com/


Fixes: 84c3fc4e ("mm: thp: check pmd migration entry in common path")
Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>