mm/vma: add give_up_on_oom option on modify/merge, use in uffd release

Currently, if a VMA merge fails due to an OOM condition arising on commit
merge or a failure to duplicate anon_vma's, we report this so the caller
can handle it.

However there are cases where the caller is only ostensibly trying a
merge, and doesn't mind if it fails due to this condition.

Since we do not want to introduce an implicit assumption that we only
actually modify VMAs after OOM conditions might arise, add a 'give up on
oom' option and make an explicit contract that, should this flag be set, we
absolutely will not modify any VMAs should OOM arise and just bail out.

Since it'd be very unusual for a user to try to vma_modify() with this flag
set but be specifying a range within a VMA which ends up being split (which
can fail due to rlimit issues, not only OOM), we add a debug warning for
this condition.

The motivating reason for this is uffd release - syzkaller (and Pedro
Falcato's VERY astute analysis) found a way in which an injected fault on
allocation, triggering an OOM condition on commit merge, would result in
uffd code becoming confused and treating an error value as if it were a VMA
pointer.

To avoid this, we make use of this new VMG flag to ensure that this never
occurs, utilising the fact that, should we be clearing entire VMAs, we do
not wish an OOM event to be reported to us.

Many thanks to Pedro Falcato for his excellent analysis and Jann Horn for
his insightful and intelligent analysis of the situation, both of whom were
instrumental in this fix.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250321100937.46634-1-lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com


Reported-by:  <syzbot+20ed41006cf9d842c2b5@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/67dc67f0.050a0220.25ae54.001e.GAE@google.com/


Fixes: 47b16d04 ("mm: abort vma_modify() on merge out of memory failure")
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Suggested-by: Pedro Falcato <pfalcato@suse.de>
Suggested-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>